Some features of the settlement of hereditary disputes among the balkarians with the participation of the Kabardian district board in the second half of the 60th years of the 19th century

A.Zh. Baichekueva

---

Abstract: The article is devoted to the study of some features of resolving hereditary disputes among the Balkarian population in the Kabardian district board and people’s court in the second half of the 60th years of the XIX century. Role of the district, areal and rural authorities in resolving disputes and conflicts based on the norms of customary law of the local population. It was established that the source of disputes could be different opinions of the parties on the interpretation of traditional norms of their solution, when one side relied on customs and traditions, and the other on documents recorded in writing with witnesses. The peculiarities of the decision of hereditary disputes on the norms of customary law of the Balkars in intermediary (mediator) courts were viewed. It was concluded that under the conditions of the introduction of military-national administration in the Central Caucasus in the late 50th – early 60th of the XIX century property disputes among representatives of the Balkarian population of the region were resolved based on the norms of customary law, adapted to the new legal reality with the help of district and areal authorities.

Keywords: Kabardian district, Terek region, Kabardian district people’s court, Balkarians, customary law, hereditary relations

For citation. Baichekueva A.Zh. Some features of the settlement of hereditary disputes among the balkarians with the participation of the Kabardian district board in the second half of the 60th years of the 19th century. News of the Kabardino-
Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS. 2023. No. 5(115). Pp. 125–132. DOI: 10.35330/1991-6639-2023-5-115-125-132

References

1. Abazov A.Kh. Narody Tsentral’nogo Kavkaza v sudebnoi sisteme Rossiiskoi imperii v kontse XVIII – nachale ХХ v. [The peoples of the Central Caucasus in the judicial system of the Russian Empire in the late XVIII – early XX centuries]. Nal’chik: OOO «Pechatnyi dvor», 2016. 264 p. (In Russian)
2. Abazov A.Kh., Khacheritlov M.Zh. Traditsionnye formy resheniya sporov i konfliktov v sudebnoy sisteme Terskoy oblasti v posledney treti XIX – nachale ХХ v. [Traditional forms of resolving disputes and conflicts in the judicial system of the Terek region in the last third of the XIX – early XX centuries.]. In: Istoricheskie, filosofskie, politicheskie i yuridicheskie nauki, kul’turologiya i iskusstvovedenie. Voprosy teorii i praktiki. Tambov: Gramota, 2016. No. 6(68). V 2-kh ch. Ch. 1. Pp. 13–16. (In Russian)
3. Adygi: Adygeytsy. Kabardintsy. Cherkesy. Shapsugi [Adygi: Adygeas. Kabardians. Circassians. Shapsugs]. Ser.: Narody i kul’tury. / ot red. A.Kh. Abazov, A.V. Kushkhabiev i dr. Moscow: Nauka, 2022. 870 p. (In Russian)
4. Azamatov K.G. Sotsial’no-ekonomicheskoe polozhenie i obychnoe pravo balkartsev v pervoy polovine XIX v. [The socio-economic situation and customary law of the Balkars in the first half of the XIX century.]. Nal’chik: El’brus, 1968. 108 p. (In Russian)
5. Asanov Yu.N. Obychno-pravovoe regulirovanie soslovnykh otnosheniy v traditsionnom balkarskom obshchestve [Usual legal regulation of class relations in traditional Balkarian society]. In: Vestnik Instituta gumanitarnykh issledovaniy Pravitel’stva Kabardino-Balkarskoy Respubliki i Kabardino-Balkarskogo nauchnogo tsentra Rossiyskoy akademii nauk. 2015. No. 3(26). Pp. 35–42. (In Russian)
6. Babich I.L. Sootnoshenie obychnogo prava i shariata v pravovoy istorii kabardintsev i balkartsev [Ratio of customary law and sharia in the legal history of Kabardians and Balkarians]. In: Chelovek i obshchestvo na Kavkaze: problemy pravovogo bytiya: materialy Vserossiyskoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii. Stavropol’: Stavropol’skiy gosudarstvennyy agrarnyy universitet, 2002. Pp. 86–95. (In Russian)
7. Bitova E.G. Sotsial’naya istoriya Balkarii ХХ v. [The social history of Balkaria of the XIX century.]. Nal’chik: El’brus, 1997. 173 p. (In Russian)
8. Veka sovmestnoy istorii: narody Kabardino-Balkarii v rossiyskom tsivilizatsionnom protsesse (1557–1917 gg.) [Centuries of joint history: the peoples of Kabardino-Balkaria in the Russian civilizational process (1557–1917)]. Nal’chik: Izdatel’skiy otdel IGI KBNTs RAN, 2017. 544 p. (In Russian)
9. Doklaev N.S. Zakreplenie normami obychnogo prava soslovnoy struktury karachaevtsev i balkartsev v ХVIII – pervoy polovine XIX vekov [Consolidation by customary law of the estate structure of Karachai and Balkars in the XVIII – first half of the XIX centuries]. In: Evraziyskiy yuridicheskiy zhurnal. 2012. No. 8(51). Pp. 66–67. (In Russian)
10. Istoriya Severnogo Kavkaza: uchebnoe posobie [History of the North Caucasus: a textbook]. Rostov-na-Donu: Yuzhnyy federal’nyy universitet, 2017. 282 p. (In Russian)
11. Istoriya mnogovekovogo sodruzhestva: k 450-letiyu soyuza i edineniya narodov Kabardino-Balkarii s Rossiey [The history of the centuries-old commonwealth: to the 450th anniversary of the union and unity of the peoples of Kabardino-Balkaria with Russia]. Nal’chik: izd. M. i V. Kotlyarovykh, 2007. 720 p. (In Russian)
12. Karachaevtsy. Balkartsy [Karachais. Balkars]. Ser.: Narody i kul’tury / otv. redaktory: M.D. Karaketov, Kh.-M.A. Sabanchiev. Moscow: Nauka, 2014. 814 p. (In Russian)
13. Rossiya i narody Severnogo Kavkaza v XVI – seredine XIX veka: sotsiokul’turnaya distantsiya i dvizhenie k gosudarstvenno-politicheskomu edinstvu [Russia and the peoples of the North Caucasus in the XVI – mid-XIX centuries: sociocultural distance and movement towards state-political unity]. Nal’chik: Izdatel’skiy otdel IGI KBNTs RAN, 2018. 268 p. (In Russian)
14. UTsGA AS KBR. F. I-2 «Upravlenie Kabardinskogo okruga» [Kabardian District Administration]. Op. 1. Ed. khr. 746. T. 1. (In Russian)
15. Yakhtanigov Z.A. Osnovnye protivorechiya v istochnikakh obychnogo prava balkartsev [Main contradictions in sources of customary law of Balkars]. In: Severo-Kavkazskiy yuridicheskiy vestnik. 2009. No. 3. Pp. 46–49. (In Russian)

Information about the author

Baichekueva Azinat Zhamalovna, postgraduate student, Scientific and Educational Center of Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences;
360000, Russia, Nalchik, 2 Balkarov street;
baychekueva88@mail.ru