{"id":7555,"date":"2026-03-15T11:45:54","date_gmt":"2026-03-15T11:45:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/?page_id=7555"},"modified":"2026-06-09T13:27:44","modified_gmt":"2026-06-09T12:27:44","slug":"25-1-5-en","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/en\/25-1-5-en\/","title":{"rendered":"25.1.5 En"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading has-lora-font-family\" style=\"font-size:22px\"><strong>Economic and mathematical models for analysis of complex systems in the economy based on generalized Samuelson-Hicks equations<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-43d7d3381a3e35118e47ebd4c678ba36 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\"><strong>Kh.Kh. Kalazhokov , F.Kh. Uvizheva<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-content-justification-left is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-20193d73 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family wp-elements-1934a6274ad67c2dd8d97ce7471e2bbb wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#5b1919;font-size:12px;text-decoration:underline\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-horizontal is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-9076828a wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"min-height:0px;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-856cf56e wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100 is-style-outline is-style-outline--1\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-border-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"http:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/5.-kalazhokov-uvizheva-1.pdf\" style=\"border-color:#5b1919;border-style:solid;border-width:2px;border-radius:8px;color:#5b1919;padding-top:0.4rem;padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:0.4rem;padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);font-size:12px\">PDF<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:0px;width:0px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer wp-container-content-273e683f\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100 is-style-outline is-style-outline--2\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-border-color has-text-align-center has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"http:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/5.-kal.xml\" style=\"border-color:#5b1919;border-width:2px;border-top-left-radius:8px;border-top-right-radius:8px;border-bottom-left-radius:8px;border-bottom-right-radius:8px;color:#5b1919;padding-top:0.4rem;padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:0.4rem;padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);font-size:12px\">JATS XML<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-41ee428b6a5740c7f514a7432ff786a3 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;color:#5b1919;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\"><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-252a14f192b8f7441e5bee13796a9e95 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"line-height:1.4\"><em><strong><strong>Abstract<\/strong>:<\/strong> <\/em>The work is devoted to the issues of construction, implementation, as well as the application of economic and mathematical models for the study of processes in the regional economy. The possibilities of a long-term analysis of the regional economy within the framework of the Samuelson-Hicks model using a two-point boundary value problem, the point of which is to solve the boundary value problem by the method of twice solving the Cauchy problem in combination with the sweep method, are presented. The method of invariant immersion is proposed to improve the efficiency of the analysis of regional economies, the point of which is to solve two-point boundary value problems by reducing them to the system of Cauchy problems. The length of the time interval of the solving problem is the immersion parameter in constructing solutions to systems of Cauchy problems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-df03325adc83c022634de6b79d43432f wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"line-height:1.4\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-95ad565d4d54f2dded6105a183aa3a10 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"line-height:1.4\"><strong><em><strong>Keywords<\/strong>:<\/em><\/strong> macroeconomics, generalized equations, two-point boundary value problem, invariant immersion method, differential process immersion method, Samuelson-Hicks model<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-df03325adc83c022634de6b79d43432f wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"line-height:1.4\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family wp-elements-2832c5fd8b42173d2f570a3bdaa0ae46 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.4\"><strong><strong>For citation<\/strong>.<\/strong> Kalazhokov Kh.Kh., Uvizheva F.Kh. Economic and mathematical models for analysis of complex systems in the economy based on generalized Samuelson-Hicks equations. News of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS. 2023. No. 1(111). Pp. 48\u201356. DOI: 10.35330\/1991-6639-2023-1-111-48-56<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family wp-elements-17c3333a0b1db39b7fa4a3e1a1572bc4 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.4\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-e6264b98c57179d1dfa39342ac635887 is-layout-flow wp-container-core-details-is-layout-f488f964 wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:700;line-height:1.5\"><summary><strong>R<\/strong>eferences<\/summary>\n<ol style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Berezin I.S., Zhidkov N.P. <em>Metody vychislenij<\/em> [Calculation methods]. Moscow: Izdatel\u2019stvo fiziko-matematicheskoj literatury, 1962. Vol. 2. 464 p. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Kasta Dzh., Kalaba R. <em>Metody pogruzheniya v prikladnoj matematike<\/em> [Immersion methods in applied mathematics]. Moscow: Mir, 1976. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Tramontana F., Gardini L. Revisiting Samuelson\u2019s models, linear and nonlinear, stability conditions and oscillating dynamics. Economic Structures. 2021. No. 10. Art. 9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40008-021-00239-3<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Barros M.F., Ortega F. An optimal equilibrium for a reformulated Samuelson economic discrete time system. Economic Structures. 2019. No. 8. Art. 29. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40008-019-0162-2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Ortega F., Barros M.F. The Samuelson macroeconomic model as a singular linear matrix difference equation. Economic Structures. No. 9. Art. 36. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40008-020-00207-3<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Kalazhokov Kh.Kh., Uvizheva F.Kh. The study of non-equilibrium processes in the monetary economy by immersion in the differential process. <em>News of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS.<\/em> 2020. No. 1(93). Pp. 35\u201345. DOI: 10.35330\/1991-6639-2020-1-93-35-45. (In Russian)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-314734307da685a369583aad13e58197 is-layout-flow wp-container-core-details-is-layout-9ff6af70 wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:700;line-height:1.5\"><summary><strong>Information about the author<\/strong>s<\/summary>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-1c18c512 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"min-height:0px;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\"><strong>Kalazhokov Khasan Khazhmurzovich<\/strong>, Senior Staff Scientist of the Department of Mathematical Methods of Research of Complex Systems and Processes, Institute of Computer Science and Problems of Regional Management \u2013 branch of Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences;<br>360000, Russia, Nalchik, 37-a I. Armand street;<br>khasan_kalazhokov@mail.ru, ORCID: https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7523-9353<br><strong>Uvizheva Fatima Khasanovna<\/strong>, Staff Scientist of the Department of Mathematical Methods of Research of Complex Systems and Processes, Institute of Computer Science and Problems of Regional Management \u2013 branch of Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences;<br>360000, Russia, Nalchik, 37-a I. Armand street;<br>fatimauvizheva@mail.ru, ORCID: https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8228-8543<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\"><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Economic and mathematical models for analysis of complex systems in the economy based on generalized Samuelson-Hicks equations Kh.Kh. Kalazhokov , F.Kh. Uvizheva Abstract: The work is devoted to the issues of construction, implementation, as well as the application of economic and mathematical models for the study of processes in the regional economy. The possibilities of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"wp-custom-template-home","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7555","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>25.1.5 En - \u0418\u0417\u0412\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0414\u0418\u041d\u041e-\u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d\u00bb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/en\/25-1-5-en\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ru_RU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"25.1.5 En - \u0418\u0417\u0412\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0414\u0418\u041d\u041e-\u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d\u00bb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Economic and mathematical models for analysis of complex systems in the economy based on generalized Samuelson-Hicks equations Kh.Kh. 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Kalazhokov , F.Kh. Uvizheva Abstract: The work is devoted to the issues of construction, implementation, as well as the application of economic and mathematical models for the study of processes in the regional economy. 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