{"id":3135,"date":"2025-07-12T23:21:32","date_gmt":"2025-07-12T22:21:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/newskbncran.ru\/?page_id=3135"},"modified":"2026-04-13T09:56:30","modified_gmt":"2026-04-13T08:56:30","slug":"27-3-15-en","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/en\/27-3-15-en\/","title":{"rendered":"27.3.15 en"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading has-lora-font-family\" style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>Deciphering the inscription of vessel No. 2 from the Oshad mound of the Maikop culture<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-ea4c36e8c23cb4e24c23e901c8a2503d\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>A.K. Vorokov<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-24a27e19 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-fa99f84d8051eb763ab85c3007cdb1c2\" style=\"color:#5b1919;text-decoration:underline\"><strong><strong>Upload the full text<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-9151b400 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"min-height:0px;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-15bf754d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100 is-style-outline is-style-outline--1\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-border-color has-small-font-size has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"http:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/vorokov-15.pdf\" style=\"border-color:#5b1919;border-style:solid;border-width:2px;border-radius:8px;color:#5b1919;padding-top:0.4rem;padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:0.4rem;padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\">PDF<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:0px;width:0px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer wp-container-content-273e683f\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-c01a7891b0b7b22f24110826bfde987e\" style=\"line-height:1.4\"><strong><em><strong>Abstract<\/strong>.<\/em><\/strong> Silver vessel No. 2 of the Oshad kurgan of the Maikop culture (IV millennium BC) is dedicated to the cult of the shining patron god Tha. The information contained in its pictograms does not go beyond the sacral narrative and, unlike the diverse texts of vessel No. 1, is arranged in a single sentence. The relevance of the topic is conditioned by the necessity to conduct a complex and comprehensive study of a number of the ancient epigraphic monuments of the North Caucasus in order to establish their true semantics and etymology. The main goal is to decipher the inscription by means of dialects of the Adyghe language, related to the Khatt (early) language. Main tasks: 1. To carry out a detailed analysis of pictograms, their fragments and combinations on the basis of Adyghe terminology taking into account the grammatical structure of the language (morphology, syntax, orthography); 2. To reconstruct relevant lexical and sound elements followed by step-by-step linguistic and semantic reconstruction of the narrative; 3. To correlate the results obtained with multidisciplinary multifaceted scientific data, and mythology. The research is conducted on the basis of the principle of historicism, within the framework of an interdisciplinary approach using linguistic comparativism, retrospective, glottochronological and other related methods. For the first time, the symbol of the god Tha is taken into account \u2013 a fundamental, key pictogram in a stylized, patterned design \u2013 which was regarded in the scientific community as an ornamental image of a tree of life, a flower or a pond. From an ethnolinguistic perspective, the inscription is identified as Khato-Adyghe and is classified as a special type of verbal-syllabic writing based on pictographic images. It has signs of ideography and is considered to be one of the important stages in the evolution of archaic writing. Some language units are highlighted or given in Cyrillic transcription for clarity and easier comprehension.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-1cbc437aa256ad774d5879ffad5721ec\" style=\"line-height:1.4\"><em><strong><strong>Keywords<\/strong>:<\/strong> <\/em>Khato-adygo is the Abkhaz language, syncretic writing style, eclectic images, key pictogram, the cult of the sacred god Tha, solar and lunar aspects, the cross as the oldest symbol of Tha<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family wp-elements-cf0dbd235ce552dcbb96a53b61ca2a81\" style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.4\"><strong><strong>For citation<\/strong>.<\/strong> Vorokov A.K. Deciphering the inscription of vessel No. 2 from the Oshad mound of the Maikop culture. <em>News of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS<\/em>. 2025. Vol. 27. No. 3. Pp. 189\u2013209. DOI: 10.35330\/1991-6639-2025-27-3-189-209<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-544dd02805a65707ac2a0c5083c4d876 is-layout-flow wp-container-core-details-is-layout-0ab540ad wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:700;line-height:1.5\"><summary><strong>R<\/strong>eferences<\/summary>\n<ol style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Piotrovsky Yu.Yu. Notes on vessels with images from Maikops kurgan (Osh). Monuments of ancient and medieval art. Collection of articles in memory of Prof. V.I. Ravdonikas. Problems of Archeology. St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg State University. 1994. Vol. 3. Pp. 85\u201392. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Vorokov A.K. On the interpretation of inscriptions of vessel No. 1 from the Oshad mound of the Maikop culture. News of the Kabardino-Balkaria Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2024. Vol. 26. No. 5. Pp. 230\u2013250. DOI: 10.35330\/1991-6639-2024-26-5-230-250. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Bgazhnokov B.Kh. Self-identification of Circassian princes and their place in th\u0435 system of heraldic symbols of Eurasia. Bulletin of KBIGI. 2019. No. 2(41). Pp. 7\u201312. DOI: 10.31007\/2306-5826-2019-2-41-7-12. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Shazo A.M. The head of the narts Orzamedj and the god of Ancient Egypt Osiris as correlates. Bulletin of the Adyghe State University. Series: Regional Studies: Philosophy, History, Sociology, Jurisprudence, Political Science, Culturology. 2022. No. 2(299). Pp. 88\u2013100. DOI: 10.53598\/2410-3691-2022-2-299-88-100. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Lavrov L.I. On the origin of the peoples of the North-Western Caucasus. Collection of articles on the history of Kabarda. Nalchik: Kabpoligrafizdat, 1954. No. III. Pp. 193\u2013207. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Tikhonova A.P. The Theonymy of the Khatt language: comparative historical and typological aspects. Bulletin of Adyghe State University, Ser.: \u201cPhilology and Art Criticisms\u201d. No. 4(149). 2014. Pp. 74\u201379. EDN: TNJKWV. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Marr N.Ya. On the language and history of the Abkhazians. Moscow; Leningrad: Publishing House of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 1938. 439 p.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Turchaninov G.F. Discovery and deciphering of the most ancient writing of th\u0435 Caucasus. Moscow, 1999. 263 p. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Istrin V.A. Development of writing. Moscow: Academy Publishing House Sciences, USSR, 395 p. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Aslanova L.A. The origins of cult symbolism in the traditional ornamental art of the Adygs. Bulletin of Higher Education Institutes. Northern-Caucasus Region. Social Sciences. 2009. No. 3. Pp. 38\u201342. EDN: KVXQVX. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Shortanov A.T. Adyghe mythology. Nalchik: Elbrus, 1982. 194 p. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">The Great Russian-Kabardino-Circassian Dictionary. Comp.: B.Ch. Bizhoev, H.Ch. Zheletezhev, D.M. Kumykova, H.T. Timizhev. Nalchik: Frigate, 2021. 792 p. (In Russian, Kabard., Circassian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Shaov Zh.A., Meretukov K.Kh., Vodozhokov Kh.D., Tharkakho Yu.A. et al. The Adyghe- Russian dictionary. Adygeisk Research Institute. Maikop. 1975. 440 p. (In Russian, Adyg.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Kaslandzi V.A., Jonua B.G. We dedicate Sultan Sosnaliev to th\u0435 memory of the glorious son of Kabarda and a faithful friend of Apsna. Russian-Abkhazdictionary. In 3 volumes. Vol. 1. A\u2013M \/Sukhum: House of Printing, 2016. 800 p. (In Russian, Abkhaz.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Bischio B.C. Adygebzem and psalegenahue. Nalshyk: Elbrus, 2015. 376 p. (Kabard.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Chamokova S.T. Transformation of the religious views of the Adygs on the example of the main Adyghe cosmogonic deities. Bulletin of the Maikop State Technological University. No. 3. Pp. 48\u201353. EDN: VAUJOZ. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Tikhonova A.P. Khatt-Abkhaz-Adyghe lexical parallels: history and modernity. Bulletin of Adyghe State University, Ser.: \u201cPhilology and Art Criticisms\u201d. 2017. No. 2(197). Pp. 119\u2013125. EDN: ZEVMST. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Kuek A.S. Mythical images of uda and djyne in the Adyghe Nart epic. Bulletin of Adyghe State University, Ser.: \u201cPhilology and Art Criticisms\u201d. 2015. No. 2(153). \u0420p. 171\u2013176. EDN: UDULJL. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Lavrov L.I. Pre-Islamic beliefs of the Adyghe and Kabardians: monograph. 1959. Pp. 193\u2013236. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Bgazhnokov B.Kh. Cassette-khato-kaskey historical, cultural and lexical parallels. Bulletin of KBIGI. 2019. No. 3(42). Pp. 15\u201322. DOI: 10.31007\/2306-5826-2019-3-42-15-22. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Kazarnitsky A.A. Craniology of the population of the Maikop culture: \u201cNew\u201d old materials. Arkheologiya, Etnografiya i Antropologiya Evrazii. 2010. No. 1(41). Pp. 148\u2013155. EDN: LBDKIB. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Tikhonova A.P. Tenses and moods in the Khatt and Abkhaz-Adyghe languages. Bulletin of the Adygeya State University. Series 2: Philology and Art Criticism. 2017. No. 1(192). Pp. 108\u2013114. EDN: YPCHCJ. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Vorokov A.K. The phenomenon of Tha. Nalchik: Print Center, 2020. 388 p. (In Russian)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-0a2723794c146b41ffa2f856c3936bae is-layout-flow wp-container-core-details-is-layout-5dafc681 wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:700;line-height:1.5\"><summary><strong>Information about the author<\/strong><\/summary>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-b291ae12 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"min-height:0px;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\">\n<p style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\"><strong>Anzor K. Vorokov<\/strong>, Junior Researcher of the laboratory \u201cDigital paleography\u201d of the scientific and innovative center \u201cNatural scientific methods in archeology, anthropology and archeography\u201d of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences;<br>360010, Russia, Nalchik, 2 Balkarov street;<br>legatto777@yandex.ru, ORCID: http:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9087-5665, SPIN-code: 5021-3219<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\"><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Deciphering the inscription of vessel No. 2 from the Oshad mound of the Maikop culture A.K. Vorokov Upload the full text Abstract. Silver vessel No. 2 of the Oshad kurgan of the Maikop culture (IV millennium BC) is dedicated to the cult of the shining patron god Tha. The information contained in its pictograms does [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"wp-custom-template-home","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3135","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>27.3.15 en - \u0418\u0417\u0412\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0414\u0418\u041d\u041e-\u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d\u00bb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/en\/27-3-15-en\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ru_RU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"27.3.15 en - \u0418\u0417\u0412\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0414\u0418\u041d\u041e-\u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d\u00bb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Deciphering the inscription of vessel No. 2 from the Oshad mound of the Maikop culture A.K. Vorokov Upload the full text Abstract. Silver vessel No. 2 of the Oshad kurgan of the Maikop culture (IV millennium BC) is dedicated to the cult of the shining patron god Tha. 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Vorokov Upload the full text Abstract. Silver vessel No. 2 of the Oshad kurgan of the Maikop culture (IV millennium BC) is dedicated to the cult of the shining patron god Tha. 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