{"id":2514,"date":"2025-06-23T11:09:18","date_gmt":"2025-06-23T10:09:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/newskbncran.ru\/?page_id=2514"},"modified":"2026-04-13T09:36:57","modified_gmt":"2026-04-13T08:36:57","slug":"27-2-6-en","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/en\/27-2-6-en\/","title":{"rendered":"27.2.6 en"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

On the application of reinforcement learning in the task of choosing the optimal trajectory<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n

M.G. Gorodnichev<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Upload the full text<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Abstract<\/em><\/strong>. This paper reviews state-of-the-art reinforcement learning methods, with a focus on their application in dynamic and complex environments. The study begins by analysing the main approaches to reinforcement learning such as dynamic programming, Monte Carlo methods, time-difference methods and policy gradients. Special attention is given to the Generalised Adversarial Imitation Learning (GAIL) methodology and its impact on the optimisation of agents’ strategies. A study of model-free learning is presented and criteria for selecting agents capable of operating in continuous action and state spaces are highlighted. The experimental part is devoted to analysing the learning of agents using different types of sensors, including visual sensors, and demonstrates their ability to adapt to the environment despite resolution constraints. A comparison of results based on cumulative reward and episode length is presented, revealing improved agent performance in the later stages of training. The study confirms that the use of simulated learning significantly improves agent performance by reducing time costs and improving decision-making strategies. The present work holds promise for further exploration of mechanisms for improving sensor resolution and fine-tuning hyperparameters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Keywords<\/em><\/strong>:<\/strong> reinforcement learning, intelligent agents, optimal trajectory, highly automated vehicles, policy-based learning, actor-critic architectures, simulated learning, sensors, continuous states, discrete states, PPO, SAC<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For citation<\/strong>.<\/strong> Gorodnichev M.G. On the application of reinforcement learning in the task of choosing the optimal trajectory.  News  of  the  Kabardino-Balkarian  Scientific  Center  of  RAS.<\/em>  <\/strong>2025.  Vol. 27.  No. 2.  Pp. 86\u2013102. DOI: 10.35330\/1991-6639-2025-27-2-86-102<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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  18. Hachaj T., Piekarczyk M. On Explainability of Reinforcement Learning-Based Machine Learning Agents Trained with Proximal Policy Optimization That Utilizes Visual Sensor Data. Applied Sciences.<\/em> <\/strong>2025. Vol. 15. No. 2. P. 538. DOI: 10.3390\/app15020538<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
    Information about the author<\/strong><\/summary>\n
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    Mikhail G. Gorodnichev, <\/strong>Candidate of  Engineering Sciences, Associate Professor, Dean of the Faculty of  Information Technology, Moscow Technical University of Communications and  Informatics;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    111024, Russia, Moscow, 8A Aviamotornaya street;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    m.g.gorodnichev@mtuci.ru, ORCID: https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1739-9831, <\/strong>SPIN-code: <\/strong>4576-9642<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    On the application of reinforcement learning in the task of choosing the optimal trajectory M.G. Gorodnichev Upload the full text Abstract. This paper reviews state-of-the-art reinforcement learning methods, with a focus on their application in dynamic and complex environments. The study begins by analysing the main approaches to reinforcement learning such as dynamic programming, Monte […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"wp-custom-template-home","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2514","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\n27.2.6 en - \u0418\u0417\u0412\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0414\u0418\u041d\u041e-\u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d\u00bb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/en\/27-2-6-en\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ru_RU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"27.2.6 en - \u0418\u0417\u0412\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0414\u0418\u041d\u041e-\u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d\u00bb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"On the application of reinforcement learning in the task of choosing the optimal trajectory M.G. 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