{"id":15424,"date":"2026-06-24T13:20:49","date_gmt":"2026-06-24T12:20:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/?page_id=15424"},"modified":"2026-06-30T12:38:15","modified_gmt":"2026-06-30T11:38:15","slug":"28-3-13-en","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/en\/28-3-13-en\/","title":{"rendered":"28.3.13 En"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Biometric substantiation of the efficacy of pre-sowing microwave soil treatment: a pot experiment using maize<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Marat A. Shereuzhev, Madin A. Shereuzhev, A.Yu. Kishev<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
PDF<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
JATS XML<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/strong>. <\/em>The article presents a repeated pot experiment aimed at verifying the agronomic feasibility of pre-sowing soil microwave treatment for maize cultivation.
Aim<\/strong>. This study aims to evaluate the technical and biological efficacy of utilizing microwave energy during early-stage soil preparation for maize. The necessity of a repeated pot experiment stems from methodological shortcomings in the initial study (Shereuzhev et al., 2025), which relied predominantly on qualitative scales and assessed yield parameters using individual ears without replication.
Materials and methods<\/strong>. Each of the three soil treatments (mechanical control, steam heating, and microwave irradiation) was performed in three replications. All plants underwent biometric measurements, including aboveground dry biomass, leaf count, and assimilation surface area. Ears were characterized by tray-average values for weight, length, diameter, and grain number per ear. Statistical significance was verified using analysis of variance with pairwise comparisons.
Results.<\/strong> Plants grown in the microwave-treated soil outperformed those in the untreated control in terms of aboveground dry biomass, leaf area, average ear weight, and grain count, while weed infestation was substantially reduced. The correlation between weed population density and crop biomass suggests an indirect mechanism of microwave action, where the suppression of competitors subsequently benefits the main crop.
Conclusions<\/strong>. The experiment yielded quantitative data that provide agronomic specifications for engineering a robotic microwave applicator for pre-sowing soil treatment. Implementing this robotic microwave applicator could significantly reduce herbicide dependency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Keywords<\/strong><\/em><\/strong>:<\/em> microwave soil treatment, MW sterilization, biometric analysis, vegetation experiment, maize, weed infestation, robotic applicator, above-ground biomass, leaf area, kernel count<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For citation<\/strong>.<\/strong> Shereuzhev Marat A., Shereuzhev Madin A., Kishev A.Yu. Biometric substantiation of the efficacy of pre-sowing microwave soil treatment: a pot experiment using maize. News of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS<\/em>. 2026. Vol. 28. No. 3. Pp. 165\u2013180. DOI: 10.35330\/1991-6639-2026-28-3-165-180<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a9   Shereuzhev Marat A., Shereuzhev Madin A., Kishev A.Yu., 2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Content is available under license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R<\/strong>eferences<\/summary>\n
    \n
  1. FAO. Crop losses to pests and their prevention. Global Food Losses and Waste<\/em>. Rome: FAO, 2011.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Abdulridha J.J., Kanissery R.G., McAvoy C.E., Ampatzidis Y.G. Evaluation of steam application for weed management in citrus. Applied Engineering in Agriculture<\/em>. 2019. Vol. 35(5).
    Pp. 805\u2013814. DOI: 10.13031\/aea.13494<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Khamukov Yu.Kh., Kanokova M.A. Arable farming and plowing. Plowing as an anthropogenic factor in ecosystem degradation. News of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS<\/em>. No. 6(110). Pp. 225\u2013235. DOI: 10.35330\/1991-6639-2022-6-110-225-235. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Brodie G., Khan M.J., Gupta D. at al. Microwave soil treatment and plant growth. Microwave Heating: Techniques and Applications \/ Ed. R. Radhakrishnan. London: IntechOpen, Pp. 201\u2013223.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. Brodie G., Torgovnikov G. Microwave soil heating with evanescent fields from slow-wave comb and ceramic applicators. Energies<\/em>. 2022. Vol. 15. No. 3. DOI: 10.3390\/en15031068<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. Brodie G., Khan M.J., Gupta D. at al. Microwave weed and soil treatment in agricultural systems. Global Journal of Agricultural Innovation, Research & Development<\/em>. 2018. Vol. 5.
    No. 2. Pp. 1\u201314.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  7. Brodie G.I., McFarlane D.J., Khan M.J. at al. Microwave soil heating promotes strawberry runner production and progeny performance. Energies.<\/em> 2022. Vol. 15. No. 10. DOI: 10.3390\/en15103508<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  8. Khamukov Yu.Kh., Kanokova M.A. Agriculture and plowing. Part 2. Concept of a device for presowing soil preparation using microwave radiation. Sbornik trudov foruma \u00abNauka i innovatsii \u2013 sovremennyye kontseptsii\u00bb<\/em> [Collection of papers of the forum \u201cScience and Innovation \u2013 Modern Concepts\u201d]. 2023. Pp. 103\u2013115. DOI: 10.34660\/INF.2023.98.82.117. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  9. Shereuzhev M.A., Shereuzhev M.A., Kishev A.Yu. Impact of microwave and steam soil treatment on weed suppression and corn yield improvement. News of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS<\/em>. 2025. Vol. 27. No. 1. Pp. 20\u201330. DOI: 10.35330\/1991-6639-2025-27-1-20-30. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  10. Montgomery E.G. Correlation studies in corn. Nebraska Agric. Exp. Sta. Annu. Rep. 1911. Vol. 24. Pp. 108\u2013159.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  11. Lombardo S., Paratore M., Muratore G. at al. Microwave soil treatment effects on weed emergence and crop productivity. Agronomy. 2023. Vol. 13. No. 1. Art. 172.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  12. Wang S., Ge Y., Srinivasakannan C. et al. Modeling and simulation of a multi-source microwave heating of soil based on PSO-BPNN. Applied Thermal Engineering<\/em>. 2024. Vol. 257.
    DOI: 10.1016\/j.applthermaleng.2024.124148<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  13. Shereuzhev M.A., Shereuzhev M.A., Kishev A.Yu. Questions of choosing a vision system of agricultural robotic systems for weed control. News of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS<\/em>. 2022. No. 4(108). Pp. 84\u201395. DOI: 10.35330\/1991-6639-2022-4-108-84-95. (In Russian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  14. Melnikov S.V., Aleshkin V.R., Roshchin P.M. Planirovaniye eksperimenta v issledovaniyakh sel’skokhozyaystvennykh protsessov<\/em> [Experimental planning in studies of agricultural processes]. L.: Kolos, 1980. 168 p. (In Russian)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
    Information about the authors<\/strong><\/summary>\n
    \n

    Marat A. Shereuzhev<\/strong>, Postgraduate Student, Department of Agronomy, Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov;
    1v, Lenin avenue, Nalchik, 360030, Russia;
    Junior Researcher, Institute of Computer Science and Problems of Regional Management \u2013 branch of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences;
    37-a, I. Armand street, Nalchik, 360000, Russia;
    marat.shereuzhev07@mail.ru, ORCID: https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7368-4691
    Madin A. Shereuzhev<\/strong>, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Robotic systems and mechatronics, Bauman Moscow State Technical University;
    5, 2-nd Baumanskaya street, Moscow, 105005, Russia;
    shereuzhev@bmstu.ru, ORCID: https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2352-992X
    Alim Yu. Kishev<\/strong>, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, Acting Head of the Department of Agronomy, Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov;
    1v, Lenin avenue, Nalchik, 360030, Russia;
    a.kish@mail.ru, ORCID: https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2838-6876<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

    Funding<\/strong><\/summary>\n

    The study was performed without external funding.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Biometric substantiation of the efficacy of pre-sowing microwave soil treatment: a pot experiment using maize Marat A. Shereuzhev, Madin A. Shereuzhev, A.Yu. Kishev Abstract. The article presents a repeated pot experiment aimed at verifying the agronomic feasibility of pre-sowing soil microwave treatment for maize cultivation.Aim. This study aims to evaluate the technical and biological efficacy […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"wp-custom-template-home","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15424","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\n28.3.13 En - \u0418\u0417\u0412\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0414\u0418\u041d\u041e-\u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d\u00bb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/en\/28-3-13-en\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ru_RU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"28.3.13 En - \u0418\u0417\u0412\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0414\u0418\u041d\u041e-\u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d\u00bb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Biometric substantiation of the efficacy of pre-sowing microwave soil treatment: a pot experiment using maize Marat A. Shereuzhev, Madin A. Shereuzhev, A.Yu. Kishev Abstract. The article presents a repeated pot experiment aimed at verifying the agronomic feasibility of pre-sowing soil microwave treatment for maize cultivation.Aim. This study aims to evaluate the technical and biological efficacy […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/en\/28-3-13-en\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0418\u0417\u0412\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0414\u0418\u041d\u041e-\u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d\u00bb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-06-30T11:38:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"5 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/index.php\\\/en\\\/28-3-13-en\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/index.php\\\/en\\\/28-3-13-en\\\/\",\"name\":\"28.3.13 En - \u0418\u0417\u0412\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0414\u0418\u041d\u041e-\u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d\u00bb\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/index.php\\\/en\\\/28-3-13-en\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/index.php\\\/en\\\/28-3-13-en\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/image.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-06-24T12:20:49+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-06-30T11:38:15+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/index.php\\\/en\\\/28-3-13-en\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ru-RU\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/index.php\\\/en\\\/28-3-13-en\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ru-RU\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/index.php\\\/en\\\/28-3-13-en\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/image.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/image.png\",\"width\":80,\"height\":28},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/index.php\\\/en\\\/28-3-13-en\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"28.3.13 En\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u0418\u0417\u0412\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0414\u0418\u041d\u041e-\u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d\u00bb\",\"description\":\"\u041d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ru-RU\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"\u0418\u0417\u0412\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0414\u0418\u041d\u041e-\u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d\u00bb\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ru-RU\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/07\\\/oblozhka-zhurnala-na-angl-scaled.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/07\\\/oblozhka-zhurnala-na-angl-scaled.jpg\",\"width\":1828,\"height\":2560,\"caption\":\"\u0418\u0417\u0412\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0414\u0418\u041d\u041e-\u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d\u00bb\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"28.3.13 En - \u0418\u0417\u0412\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0414\u0418\u041d\u041e-\u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d\u00bb","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/en\/28-3-13-en\/","og_locale":"ru_RU","og_type":"article","og_title":"28.3.13 En - \u0418\u0417\u0412\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0414\u0418\u041d\u041e-\u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d\u00bb","og_description":"Biometric substantiation of the efficacy of pre-sowing microwave soil treatment: a pot experiment using maize Marat A. Shereuzhev, Madin A. Shereuzhev, A.Yu. Kishev Abstract. The article presents a repeated pot experiment aimed at verifying the agronomic feasibility of pre-sowing soil microwave treatment for maize cultivation.Aim. This study aims to evaluate the technical and biological efficacy […]","og_url":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/en\/28-3-13-en\/","og_site_name":"\u0418\u0417\u0412\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0414\u0418\u041d\u041e-\u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d\u00bb","article_modified_time":"2026-06-30T11:38:15+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image.png","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f":"5 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/en\/28-3-13-en\/","url":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/en\/28-3-13-en\/","name":"28.3.13 En - \u0418\u0417\u0412\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0414\u0418\u041d\u041e-\u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d\u00bb","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/en\/28-3-13-en\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/en\/28-3-13-en\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image.png","datePublished":"2026-06-24T12:20:49+00:00","dateModified":"2026-06-30T11:38:15+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/en\/28-3-13-en\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ru-RU","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/en\/28-3-13-en\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ru-RU","@id":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/en\/28-3-13-en\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image.png","width":80,"height":28},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/en\/28-3-13-en\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430","item":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"28.3.13 En"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/#website","url":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/","name":"\u0418\u0417\u0412\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0414\u0418\u041d\u041e-\u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d\u00bb","description":"\u041d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ru-RU"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/#organization","name":"\u0418\u0417\u0412\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0414\u0418\u041d\u041e-\u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d\u00bb","url":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ru-RU","@id":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/oblozhka-zhurnala-na-angl-scaled.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/oblozhka-zhurnala-na-angl-scaled.jpg","width":1828,"height":2560,"caption":"\u0418\u0417\u0412\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0414\u0418\u041d\u041e-\u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d\u00bb"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15424","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15424"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15424\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15825,"href":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15424\/revisions\/15825"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15424"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}