{"id":11666,"date":"2026-04-22T07:14:57","date_gmt":"2026-04-22T06:14:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/?page_id=11666"},"modified":"2026-06-04T10:30:58","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T09:30:58","slug":"28-2-9","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/index.php\/28-2-9\/","title":{"rendered":"28.2.9"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family wp-elements-1\" style=\"font-size:22px\"><strong>\u0412\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043a, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a: \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u00abDifference-in-Differences\u00bb<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-small-font-size wp-elements-2 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\"><strong>\u0410. \u0425. \u0424\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0440\u0435, \u0415. \u0412. \u041a\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0430\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-content-justification-left is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-20193d73 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family wp-elements-3 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#5b1919;font-size:12px;text-decoration:underline\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-horizontal is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-9076828a wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"min-height:0px;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-856cf56e wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100 is-style-outline is-style-outline--1\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-border-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"http:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/9-fikire-korchagina.pdf\" style=\"border-color:#5b1919;border-style:solid;border-width:2px;border-radius:8px;color:#5b1919;padding-top:0.4rem;padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:0.4rem;padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);font-size:12px\">PDF<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:0px;width:0px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer wp-container-content-273e683f\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100 is-style-outline is-style-outline--2\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-border-color has-text-align-center has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"http:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/09-the.xml\" style=\"border-color:#5b1919;border-width:2px;border-top-left-radius:8px;border-top-right-radius:8px;border-bottom-left-radius:8px;border-bottom-right-radius:8px;color:#5b1919;padding-top:0.4rem;padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:0.4rem;padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);font-size:12px\">JATS XML<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-4 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;color:#5b1919;margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-right:0;margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-left:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\"><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:0\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-5 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;line-height:1.4\"><strong><em>\u0410\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/em><\/strong>. \u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f, \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438, \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0440\u043e\u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438. \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043a, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a \u0438 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f.<br><strong>\u0426\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong> \u2013 \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043a, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a.<br><strong>\u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/strong>. \u0418\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u044b \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0412\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445. \u0412 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445.<br><strong>\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong> \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0444\u0442\u044f\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443, \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441 \u041a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0411\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0435\u0439.<br><strong>\u0417\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong>. \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043a, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c \u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0441\u043c\u044f\u0433\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-6 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;line-height:1.4\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-7 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;line-height:1.4\"><em><strong>\u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/strong>: <\/em>\u0441\u0431\u043e\u0438 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043a, \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0412\u0412\u041f, \u043d\u0435\u0444\u0442\u044f\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u0441\u0443\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0441, \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u00ab\u0420\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-8 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;line-height:1.4\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family wp-elements-9 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-size:12px;line-height:1.4\"><strong>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/strong> \u0424\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0440\u0435 \u0410. \u0425., \u041a\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0430\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0415. \u0412. \u0412\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043a, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a: \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u00abDifference-in-Differences\u00bb \/\/ \u0418\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u044f \u041a\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e-\u0411\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0420\u0410\u041d. 2026. \u0422. 28. \u2116 2. \u0421. 119\u2013132. DOI: 10.35330\/1991-6639-2026-28-2-119-132<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-10 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;line-height:1.4\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family wp-elements-11 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-size:12px;line-height:1.4\">\u00a9&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0424\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0440\u0435 \u0410. \u0425., \u041a\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0430\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0415. \u0412., 2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-11fce5db wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"80\" height=\"28\" src=\"https:\/\/izvestiyakbncran.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7229\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family wp-elements-12 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;font-size:12px;line-height:1.4\">\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family wp-elements-13 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-size:12px;line-height:1.4\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family wp-elements-14 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-size:12px;line-height:1.4\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family wp-elements-15 is-layout-flow wp-container-core-details-is-layout-bd2f46b7 wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\" style=\"font-size:14px\"><summary><strong>\u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b<\/strong><\/summary>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-16\">Tignino M., Br\u00e9thaut C. The role of international case law in implementing the obligation not to cause significant harm. Int. Environ. Agreem. Polit. Law Econ. 2020. Vol. 20. No. 4. Pp. 631\u2013648. DOI: 10.1007\/s10784-020-09503-6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Egbomuche-Okeke L. A critical appraisal of the doctrine of obligation in international law. J. Law Confl. Resolut. 2010. Vol. 2. \u2116 6. Pp. 98\u2013102.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Davis L., Engerman S. Sanctions: Neither war nor peace. J. Econ. Perspect. 2003. Vol. 17. No. 2. Pp. 187\u2013197. DOI: 10.1257\/089533003765888502<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pauwelyn J., Pelc K. Who guards the guardians of the system? The role of the secretariat in who dispute settlement. Am. J. Int. Law. 2022. Vol. 116. No. 3. Pp. 534\u2013566. DOI: 10.1017\/ajil.2022.20<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Alfaro-Ure\u00f1a A., Manelici I., Vasquez J.P. The effects of joining multinational supply chains: new evidence from firm-to-firm linkages. Q. J. Econ. 2022. Vol. 137. No. 3. Pp. 1495\u20131552. DOI: 10.1093\/qje\/qjac006<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zhang F., Graham D.J. Air transport and economic growth: a review of the impact mechanism and causal relationships. Transp. Rev. 2020. Vol. 40. No. 4. Pp. 506\u2013528. DOI: 10.1080\/01441647.2020.1738587<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cekerevac Z., Bogavac M. Impact of Covid-19 and Ukraine-Russia War on the international trade and logistics. MEST J. 2023. Vol. 11. No. 1. Pp. 19\u201330. DOI: 10.12709\/mest.11.11.01.03<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cengiz \u00d6. Rusya-Ukrayna sava\u015finin t\u00fcrki\u0307ye\u2019 den ge\u00e7en ort loji\u0307sti\u0307k kori\u0307dor etki\u0307leri\u0307. Kafkas \u00fcniversitesi iktisadi ve idari bilim. Fak\u00fcltesi Derg. 2023. Vol. 14. No. 27. Pp. 485\u2013505. DOI: 10.36543\/kauiibfd.2023.019<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Chang Y., Iakovou E., Shi W. Blockchain in global supply chains and cross border trade: a critical synthesis of the state-of-the-art, challenges and opportunities Int. J. Prod. Res. 2020. Vol. 58. No. 7. Pp. 2082\u20132099. DOI: 10.1080\/00207543.2019.1651946<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kokabisaghi F. Assessment of the effects of economic sanctions on Iranians\u2019 right to health by using human rights impact assessment tool: A systematic review. Int. J. Health Policy Manag. Vol. 7. No. 5. Pp. 374\u2013393. DOI: 10.15171\/ijhpm.2017.147<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Saiymova M. et al. Russia\u2019s petroleum industry in the period of sanctions and Covid-19 pandemic: A review and analysis. Int. J. Energy Econ. Policy. 2021. Vol. 11. No. 5. Pp. 483\u2013489. DOI: 10.32479\/ijeep.11385<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Safiullin M.R., Elshin L.A. Sanctions pressure on the Russian economy: ways to overcome the costs and benefits of confrontation within the framework of import substitution. Finance Theory Pract. 2023. Vol. 27. No. 1. Pp. 150\u2013161. DOI: 10.26794\/2587-5671-2023-27-1-150-161<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dudin M.N., Shkodinsky S.V., Ivanov M.O. 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Pp. 222\u2013234.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kopytin I.A., Pilnik N.P., Stankevich I.P. Modelling five variables bvar for economic policies and growth in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Russia: 2005\u20132020. 2021. Vol. 11. No. 5. Pp. 510\u2013518.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B\u011bl\u00edn M., Hanousek J. Which sanctions matter? Analysis of the EU\/Russian sanctions of J. Comp. Econ. 2021. Vol. 49. No. 1. Pp. 244\u2013257. DOI: 10.1016\/j.jce.2020.07.001<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Serikkyzy A. et al. Foreign direct investment and economic development: An international perspective. 2024. Pp. 97\u2013111. DOI: 10.2478\/eoik-2024-0012<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER) \u2013 Measuring Trade-Weighted Competitiveness \u2013 MetricGate Calculator. MetricGate. URL: https:\/\/metricgate.com\/docs\/real-effective-exchange-rate\/ (accessed: 20\/01\/2026).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mohammadi-Nasrabadi F., Ghodsi D., Haghighian-Roudsari A. et al. Economic sanctions affecting household food and nutrition security and policies to cope with them: A systematic review. Int. J. Health Policy Manag. 2023. Vol. 12. No. 1. P. 7362. DOI: 10.34172\/ijhpm.2023.7362<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Crozet M., Hinz J. Friendly fire: The trade impact of the Russia sanctions and countersanctions. Econ. Policy. 2021. Vol. 35. No. 101. Pp. 97\u2013146. DOI: 10.1093\/epolic\/eiaa006<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aimer N.M. Estimating the impact of oil rents on the economic growth of the OPEC countries. European Journal of Management and Marketing Studies. 2018. Pp. 110\u2013122.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-17 is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary><strong>\u0418\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-18 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><strong>\u0410\u0431\u0435\u0431\u0430\u0443 \u0425\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443 \u0424\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0440\u0435<\/strong>, \u0430\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442, \u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0438, \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e;<br>195221, \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f, \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433, \u0443\u043b. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f, 29;<br>abebawhailu26@gmail.com, ORCID: https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6356-6701, SPIN-\u043a\u043e\u0434: 8282-8430<br><strong>\u041a\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0430\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0415\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430<\/strong>, \u0434-\u0440 \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d. \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a, \u0434\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440, \u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0438, \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e;<br>195221, \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f, \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433, \u0443\u043b. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f, 29;<br>elena.korchagina@mail.ru, ORCID: https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3070-2508, SPIN-\u043a\u043e\u0434: 8556-2270<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-19 wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-extra-small-font-size wp-elements-20 is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary><strong>\u0424\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043a, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a: \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u00abDifference-in-Differences\u00bb \u0410. \u0425. \u0424\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0440\u0435, \u0415. \u0412. \u041a\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0430\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0410\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f. \u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f, \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438, \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u044f \u043d\u0430 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