Perspectives on bioeconomy development in the Russian Federation

N.I. Komkov, N.N. Lanter

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Abstract. Trends in the global community indicate that the gradual depletion of resources has become a worldwide problem, leading to a decline in living standards, food shortages, and increased anthropogenic pressure that triggers more frequent natural disasters. The Russian Federation faces similar critical challenges. A key prerequisite for addressing these challenges is the transition to a circular bioeconomy based on the use of renewable biological resources.
Aim. The study aims to analyze the environmental conditions and factors driving the development of scientific knowledge required for the widespread implementation of research across various sectors of the circular economy, identifying new approaches for the Russian Federation’s transition from a model of unlimited consumption of fossil resources to one that utilizes the full potential of the bioeconomy.
Materials and methods. This study utilizes general economic research methods, including analysis, synthesis, generalization, and a systems approach. The research materials include data from both domestic and foreign sources related to the topic under study. The research also utilizes the legal mechanisms and target indicators proposed within the framework of the “Bioeconomy” National Project.
Results. The existing scientific foundation and current conditions for bioeconomy development indicate a high synergistic potential for biotechnology projects across targeted industries, allowing the resulting eco-friendly materials to mitigate environmental impacts, while high-tech industrial advancements will ensure national food and drug security. The findings demonstrate that the Russian Federation possesses the foundational capacity to transition toward a bioeconomy-driven sustainable development model, ultimately enhancing ecological preservation.
Conclusions. The research highlights a logical and rational transition in developed countries away from unlimited fossil fuel consumption toward a circular bioeconomy that prioritizes ecological preservation. In the Russian Federation, the bioeconomy can become an effective solution and the optimal choice for a development model centered on environmental conservation. To accelerate this process, it is necessary to expand the network of research institutes, universities, and businesses involved in biotechnology research, proactively train personnel for the bioeconomy, and provide comprehensive government support through incentives and legal preferences.

Keywords: biotechnology, bioeconomics, biosimilars, environmental protection, knowledge integration, personnel training

For citation. Komkov N.I., Lanter N.N. Perspectives on bioeconomy development in the Russian Federation. News of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS. 2026. Vol. 28. No. 3. Pp. 205–216. DOI:
10.35330/1991-6639-2026-28-3-205-216

©   Komkov N.I., Lanter N.N., 2026

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Information about the authors

Nikolay I. Komkov, Doctor of Economic Sciences, Head of Laboratory, Institute of Economic Forecasting of the Russian Academy of Sciences;
47, Nakhimovsky prospekt, Moscow, 117418, Russia;
komkov_ni@mail.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4109-9433, SPIN-code: 9905-8839
Natalia N. Lanter, Scientific Researcher, Institute of Economic Forecasting of the Russian Academy of Sciences;
47, Nakhimovsky prospekt, Moscow, 117418, Russia;
bonna2005@mail.ru, SPIN-code: 5798-2118

Funding

The study was performed without external funding.