Environmental pollution of land as a complex technical object of systems analysis

J.E. Klimavičius

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Abstract: The relevance of this study lies in the fact that, despite the significant level of land contamination in Russia, there is no unified methodological approach for considering such areas as complex technical facilities. Most existing studies focus on individual aspects–bioremediation, physicochemical cleanup methods, monitoring, or legal regulation. These studies are fragmented and do not provide the holistic approach necessary for data integration and automated design. The novelty of this study lies in its treatment, for the first time, of contaminated lands as technical systems, incorporating physicochemical parameters, biological processes, and regulatory controls. Unlike existing studies, which focus on individual technologies or legal aspects, this article integrates systems analysis, pollutant categorization, and consideration of initial data uncertainty, forming a methodological basis for automated remediation design.
Aim. Is to substantiate the need to consider environmental land pollution as a complex technical object of systems analysis and formalize the reclamation project process based on the “inputs → transformations → states → outputs” model, taking into account the uncertainty of data and regulatory frameworks.
Results. This article substantiates the need to consider environmental land pollution as a complex technical object of systems analysis. It is shown that the traditional approach, based on the concept of “disturbed lands,” only captures the fact of degradation and does not reflect the systemic characteristics of the object. The paper proposes a formalized description of contaminated areas using the “inputs → transformations → states → outputs” model, which allows for the identification of cause-and-effect relationships between pollutant types and the responses of soil-ecological systems.
Conclusions. The practical significance of the obtained results is indicated by the fact that they can be used by design organizations and regulatory authorities to reduce the time required to prepare design documentation, improve calculation accuracy, and reduce risks during project approval.

Keywords: systems analysis; complex technical object; environmental pollution; land reclamation; oil pollution; heavy metals; salt pollution; data uncertainty; regulatory controls; design automation

For citation. Klimavičius J.E. Environmental pollution of land as a complex technical object of systems analysis. News of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS. 2025. Vol. 27. No. 5. Pp. 54–67. DOI: 10.35330/1991-6639-2025-27-5-54-67

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Information about the author

Yaroslav E. Klimavičius, Postgraduate Student, Samara National Research University named after Academician S.P. Korolev;
34 Moskovskoe shosse, Samara, 443086, Russia;
yklimavichus@bk.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6571-1266, SPIN-code: 4114-0615