Productivity of promising varieties of grain and sugar sorghum under the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Ingushetia
M.U. Gambotova, M.A. Bazgiev, R.A. Ozdoev
Upload the full text
Abstract. The growth of crop production should be accompanied by an increase in the yield of agricultural cultures. This is impossible without improving the cultivation technology. These technologies must be efficient and economically feasible. The purpose of our research was to study the features of the formation of the various sorghum varieties yield. The research was carried out in the forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Ingushetia on the experimental field of the Ingush Research Institute of Agriculture from 2022 to 2024. This article gives a comparative assessment of the growth, development and productivity indicators of various varieties of grain and sugar sorghum. For the correct placement of varieties, their adaptive potential has been studied. In order for a variety to be able to realize itself, not only its genotype is important, but also its interaction with the environment. In our studies, we studied the biological features of the growth and development of sorghum plants, their requirements for warmth, moisture, as well as the dependence of the various sorghum varieties yield on the sowing dates. It has been established that the unfavorable conditions of the summer season of the forest-steppe zone of Ingushetia are quite favorable for the cultivation of sorghum. The optimal sowing date for the zone has been determined – the first decade of May. When sowing during this period, a more favorable temperature regime and timely passage of phases of plant development are ensured. Among the sorghum varieties that were studied, the most productive in terms of grain yield were the varieties of grain sorghum Avans and sugar sorghum Galiya, and in terms of the yield of green mass, the varieties Galia and Larets are in the lead. The introduction of these varieties into production will increase the production of feed per unit area.
Keywords: sorghum, varieties, sowing date, field germination, yield, green mass
For citation. Gambotova M.U., Bazgiev M.A., Ozdoev R.A. Productivity of promising varieties of grain and sugar sorghum under the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Ingushetia. News of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS.2024. Vol. 26. No. 5. Pp. 160–168. DOI: 10.35330/1991-6639-2024-26-5-160-168
References
- Shorin P.M. Perspektivy vozdelyvaniya i ispol’zovaniye tsennoy kormovoy kul’tury sorgo v predgor’yakh Severnogo Kavkaza [Prospects for cultivation and use of valuable fodder culture of sorghum in the foothills of the North Caucasus]. Mountainous and foothill lands of the North Caucasus: ways to prevent degradation and restore their fertility. Vladikavkaz: Sev.-Kav. NII gornogo i predgornogo sel. khoz-va, 2006. P. 386. (In Russian)
- Alabushev A.V. Tekhnologicheskie priyomy vozlodyvaniya i ispol’zovaniya sorgo [Technological methods of cultivation and use of sorghum]. Rostov-on-Don, 2007. 224 p. (In Russian)
- Akhmetov M.G., Davletshin T.Z. Vozdelyvaniye i ispol’zovaniye sakharnogo sorgo v Tatarstane [Cultivation and use of sugar sorghum in Tatarstan]. Kazan, 2001. Р. 56. (In Russian)
- Boeva G.A. Norm and term of sowing sugar sorghum in the Central Black Earth Region. Zemledeliye [Agriculture]. 2008. № 8. Pp. 37–38. EDN: KBASVJ. (In Russian)
- Vlasov V.G. Results of ecological testing of sorghums. Kormoproizvodstvo [Feed production]. 2005. No. 1. Pp. 23–24. (In Russian)
- Volodin A.B. New varieties and hybrids of sugar sorghum for cultivation for silage and green fodder. Kormoproizvodstvo [Feed production]. 2015. No. 4. Pp. 16–19. EDN: TPVNLF. (In Russian)
- Voskobulova N.I. Ecological Testing of Sugar Sorghum in the Central Zone of Orenburg. Materialy mezhdunarodnoy konferentsii “Nauka – sel’skomu khozyaystvu” [Science for Agriculture: Materials of the International Conference]. Orenburg, 2000. P. 267. (In Russian)
- Ikoeva V.A., Shorin P.M., Zangieva F.T. et al. Sorghum Productivity Depending on the Timing of Sowing and Fertilizers in the Foothills of the North Ossetia-Alania. Izvestiya Gorskogo GAU [Bulletin of the Gorsky State Agrarian University]. 2010. Vol. 47. No. 2. Pp. 22–25. EDN: NCZPJZ. (In Russian)
- Kovtunov V.V., Kovtunova N.A., Lushpina O.A. et al. Nutritional value of sorghum grains. Zernovoye khozyaystvo Rossii [Grain economy of Russia]. 2017. No. 3 (51). Pp. 51–54. EDN: YTBEVZ. (In Russian)
- Dronov A.V., Dyachenko V.V. Chemical composition and feed value of sugar sorghum in clean and mixed crops. Glavnyy agronom [Chief agronomist]. 2005. No. 7. P. 66–69. (In Russian)
- Zhukova M.P., Gonchar-Zaikin P.P. Choice and justification of elements of sorghum cultivation technology. Kormoproizvodstvo [Forage production]. 2002. No. 4. Pp. 22–24. (In Russian)
- Malinovsky B.N. Sorgo na Severnom Kavkaze [Sorghum in the North Caucasus]. Rostovon-Don: Rostov University Publishing House, 1992. 208 p. (In Russian)
- Dospekhov B.A. Metodika polevogo opyta s osnovami statisticheskoy obrabotki rezul’tatov issledovaniy [Methods of field experience with the basics of statistical processing of research results]. 5th ed., revised and supplemented. Moscow: Agropromizdat Publ., 1985. 351 p. (In Russian)
Information about the authors
Maret U.-G. Gambotova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Head of the Department of Agroecology and Dry Farming, Ingush Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture;
386203, Russia, Sunzha, 50 Oskanova street;
maret.gambotova@bk.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4433-3195;
Magomed A. Bazgiev, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Researcher, Director of the Ingush Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture;
386203, Russia, Sunzha, 50 Oskanova street;
ishos06@mail.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7529-6171, SPIN-код: 1632-1966;
Rustam A. Ozdoev, Researcher, Department of Agroecology and Dry Farming, Ingush Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture;
386203, Russia, Sunzha, 50 Oskanova street;
g1alg1a069573@gmail.com, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6134-3561