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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">News of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">News of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Известия Кабардино-Балкарского научного центра РАН</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1991-6639</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1940</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">282187</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35330/1991-6639-2024-26-6-249-259</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">SVEGHY</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Breeding, seed production and plant biotechnology</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Селекция, семеноводство и биотехнология растений</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Improving the efficiency of the selection of parent pairs in potato breeding</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Повышение эффективности подбора родительских пар в селекции картофеля</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8287-3507</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2518-8302</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митюшкин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mityushkin</surname><given-names>А. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Leading Researcher, The Breeding Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. с.-х. наук, вед. науч. сотр., отдел селекции</p></bio><email>kbncran@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6921-104X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3252-8529</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Журавлев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhuravlev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Researcher, The Breeding Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. с.-х. наук, ст. науч. сотр., отдел селекции</p></bio><email>kbncran@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0577-020X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8129-9036</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Simakov</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Симаков</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р с.-х. наук, зав. отделом селекции</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Head of the Department of Breeding</p></bio><email>kbncran@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1051-3953</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1978-9320</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mityushkin</surname><given-names>Al-r V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митюшкин</surname><given-names>Ал-р В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. с.-х. наук, ст. науч. сотр., отдел селекции</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Researcher, The Breeding Department</p></bio><email>kbncran@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3810-5273</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3640-5340</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaizatullin</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайзатулин</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. с.-х. наук, ст. науч. сотр., отдел селекции</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Researcher, The Department of Breeding</p></bio><email>kbncran@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7854-2526</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жарова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zharova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Researcher, The Breeding Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. с.-х. наук, науч. сотр., отдел селекции</p></bio><email>kbncran@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5267-3225</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6593-3230</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>V. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, The Breeding Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>науч. сотр., отдел селекции</p></bio><email>kbncran@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0029-1210</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2576-8820</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovechkin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овечкин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. с.-х. наук, науч. сотр., отдел селекции</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Researcher, The Breeding Department</p></bio><email>kbncran@mail.ru</email></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр картофеля им. А. Г. Лорха</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Research Center of Potato named after A.G. Lorkh</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><content-language>ru</content-language><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><fpage>249</fpage><lpage>259</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-03"><day>03</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-03"><day>03</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Митюшкин А.V., Журавлев А.A., Симаков Е.А., Митюшкин А.V., Гайзатулин А.S., Жарова В.A., Семенов В.А., Овечкин С.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Митюшкин А.В., Журавлев А.А., Симаков Е.А., Митюшкин А.В., Гайзатулин А.С., Жарова В.А., Семенов В.А., Овечкин С.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Митюшкин А.V., Журавлев А.A., Симаков Е.А., Митюшкин А.V., Гайзатулин А.S., Жарова В.A., Семенов В.А., Овечкин С.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Митюшкин А.В., Журавлев А.А., Симаков Е.А., Митюшкин А.В., Гайзатулин А.С., Жарова В.А., Семенов В.А., Овечкин С.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rcsi.science/1991-6639/article/view/282187">https://journals.rcsi.science/1991-6639/article/view/282187</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Successful selection of potato genotypes with a complex of economically valuable traits largely depends on the successful selection of parental pairs during hybridization. The purpose of this study is to establish the frequency of selection of economically valuable genotypes in hybrid combinations, determined by the level of the average yield indicator. During the analyzed period (2010-2022), the full selection process was completed for three groups of hybrid combinations, the seedlings of which were grown in 2010, 2011 and 2016, and the first assessment of hybrids for economically valuable traits in 2011, 2012 and 2017, respectively. The seedlings were grown in pot culture in protected ground and during harvesting, sets of genotypes were formed within each hybrid combination. In the first tuber generation, hybrid selection was carried out based on a visual assessment of a set of characteristics: absence of virus, late blight and scab damage, yield, nest type, stolon length, tuber shape, and eye depth. The selection value of hybrid combinations was assessed by the number of genotypes selected for inclusion in the nurseries of the main and competitive tests and transferred to the State Variety Testing. In the first group of hybrid combinations studied in 2011, the frequency of selection of economically valuable forms varied from 2.0 to 28.5%, and in 2012 – from 1.8 to 21.4%. For these groups of hybrid combinations, a relationship is observed between the selection indicators of economically valuable hybrids and the final results of the selection process. Until its completion, hybrids of those combinations are preserved that were characterized by a high frequency of selection of economically valuable hybrids during the assessment in the first tuber generation. This pattern is especially clear when comparing hybrid combinations obtained using the topcross scheme with one common parent – the tester used as the maternal or paternal form. The frequency of occurrence of economically valuable forms in the first tuber generation is a reliable criterion for determining the breeding value of hybrid combinations. Average yield indicators of combinations do not correlate with the frequency of selection of economically valuable hybrids.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Успешный селекционный отбор генотипов картофеля с комплексом хозяйственно ценных признаков во многом обуславливается удачным подбором родительских пар при проведении гибридизации. Цель настоящего исследования – установить степень частоты отбора хозяйственно ценных генотипов в гибридных комбинациях, обусловленную уровнем показателя средней урожайности. За анализируемый период (2010–2022 гг.) полный селекционный процесс завершен по трем группам гибридных комбинаций, выращивание сеянцев которых проведено в 2010, 2011 и 2016 гг., а первая оценка гибридов по хозяйственно ценным признакам в 2011, 2012 и 2017 гг. соответственно. Сеянцы выращивали в горшечной культуре защищенного грунта и при уборке формировали наборы генотипов в пределах каждой гибридной комбинации. В первом клубневом поколении отбор гибридов проводили на основе визуальной оценки по комплексу признаков: отсутствию поражения вирусами, фитофторозом и паршой, урожайности, типу гнезда, длине столонов, форме клубней, глубине залегания глазков. Селекционную ценность гибридных комбинаций оценивали по количеству генотипов, отобранных для включения в питомники основного и конкурсного испытаний и переданных в Госсортоиспытание. В первой группе гибридных комбинаций, изученных в 2011 г., частота отбора хозяйственно ценных форм варьировала от 2,0 до 28,5 %, а в 2012 г. – от 1,8 до 21,4 %. По этим группам гибридных комбинаций наблюдается связь между показателями отбора хозяйственно ценных гибридов и конечными результатами селекционного процесса. До его завершения сохраняются гибриды тех комбинаций, которые характеризовались высокой частотой отбора хозяйственно ценных гибридов при оценке в первом клубневом поколении. Особенно четко эта закономерность проявляется при сравнении гибридных комбинаций, полученных по схеме топкросса с участием одного общего родителя – тестера, использованного в качестве материнской или отцовской формы. Частота встречаемости хозяйственно ценных форм в первом клубневом поколении является надежным критерием определения селекционной ценности гибридных комбинаций. Показатели средней урожайности комбинаций не коррелируют с частотой отбора хозяйственно ценных гибридов. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>potato</kwd><kwd>selection</kwd><kwd>parental forms</kwd><kwd>hybrid combinations</kwd><kwd>seedlings</kwd><kwd>1st tuber generation hybrids</kwd><kwd>selection frequency</kwd><kwd>economically valuable genotypes</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>картофель</kwd><kwd>селекция</kwd><kwd>родительские формы</kwd><kwd>гибридные комбинации</kwd><kwd>сеянцы</kwd><kwd>гибриды 1-го клубневого поколения</kwd><kwd>частота отбора</kwd><kwd>хозяйственно ценные генотипы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Becker Kh. Selektsiya rasteniy [Plant breeding]. Moscow: KMK, 2015. 425 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Беккер Х. Селекция растений. 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