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Fungal diseases of wheat in Russia: spread, symptoms, control methods and economic damage – a review

F. Duksi, M.H. Walli, M. Zargar

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Abstract: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a primary crop in Russia. Fungal diseases, such as rust diseases, Septoria leaf blotch, Fusarium head blight, and powdery mildew, significantly reduce grain yield and quality annually. Pathogens can destroy up to 70 % of the harvest, negatively impacting exports and food security. Increasing fungal resistance to fungicides and climate change necessitate new data on diseases and adapted control measures. Research in this field is critical for developing resistant cultivars, improving agrotechnologies, and reducing dependence on chemicals. Aim. The purpose of the study is to review the main wheat diseases in Russia and their potential impact on the economy and food security, as well as to emphasize the importance of controlling and preventing these diseases through proper crop rotation, resistant varieties and the timely application of effective fungicides to ensure a sustainable and productive agricultural sector. The article focuses on rust, septoria, fusarium, and powdery mildew. Results. Indicate that fungal diseases are widespread in southern Russia, including Krasnodar Krai, Rostov Oblast, the North Caucasus, the Volga Region, and Western Siberia. Combined methods, such as using resistant cultivars and crop rotation, help reduce pathogen levels and monitor disease spread. This study may aid in protecting wheat crops and mitigating economic risks in Russia’s agricultural sector.

Keywords: wheat, phytopathogen, fusarium, yellow rust of cereals, septoria leaf spot, fungus

For citation. Duksi F., Walli M.H., Zargar M. Fungal diseases of wheat in Russia: spread, symptoms, control methods and economic damage – a review. News of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS. 2025. Vol. 27. No. 3. Pp. 121–132. DOI: 10.35330/1991-6639-2025-27-3-121-132

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Information about the authors

Fatima Duksi, Graduate student, Faculty of Agriculture, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia
named after Patrice Lumumba;
117198, Russia, Moscow, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya street;
duxi.rudn@bk.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7353-7816
Malek H. Walli, Graduate student, Faculty of Agriculture, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia
named after Patrice Lumumba;
117198, Russia, Moscow, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya street;
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4884-6481
Meisam Zargar, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor of the Agrarian Faculty, Peoples’
Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba;
117198, Russia, Moscow, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya street;
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5208-0861

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