Научный журнал

«ИЗВЕСТИЯ КАБАРДИНО-БАЛКАРСКОГО

НАУЧНОГО ЦЕНТРА РАН»

Свидетельство о регистрации СМИ Эл № ФС 77-90616 от 29 декабря 2025 г. выдано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций.

Свидетельство о регистрации СМИ ПИ № 77-14936 от 20 марта 2003 г. выдано Министерством РФ по делам печати, телерадиовещания и средств массовых коммуникаций (2003-2025 гг.)

Журнал основан в 1998 г. Выходит 6 раз в год

ISSN 1991-6639 (печатная версия),

ISSN 2949-1940 (электронная версия)

Текущий выпуск

Перейти на предыдущую версию журнала

Реферативные базы

On the interpretation of the inscriptions of vessel No. 1 from the Oshad mound of the Maikop culture

A.K. Vorokov

Upload the full text

PDF

Abstract. This work is devoted to the next deciphering of the inscriptions of the silver vessel No. 1 from the Oshad mound of the Maikop culture (IV BC). Linguistic analysis of pictograms at all three levels of the vessel reveals the semantics and etymology of inscriptions, in which the Khatto-Adyghe-Abkhazian speech fits seamlessly in word forms and syntactic structure of phrases and sentences consistent with the Adyghe grammar. Typologically, inscriptions represent a complex system of the final stage of pictorial writing, which precedes the formation of subsequent types of writing. Here, individual, composite elements of images that were provided by the ancient author, but were not reflected in modern drawings, are taken into account and considered in detail. The methodological approaches of the research are based on the principle of historicism, using the comparative historical method, linguistic and glottochronological retrognostics, in comparison with scientific historical data and facts.Derivative information is extracted on the basic, linguistic basis of semantically interrelated characteristics and descriptions of pictographic images, in visual and contextual aspects that complement each other. The same concepts of the ancient author can be derived in different ways, which confirms the validity of the interpretations with additional argumentation. In some cases, relevant, word-forming lexical and sound elements (words, morphemes, syllables, phonemes) are highlighted in bold italics or presented in Cyrillic transcription for clarity.

Keywords: the Khatto-Adyghe language, the mixed nature of writing, variability of semantically interrelated readings, cults of the god – Tha, the goddess of waters – Psytha, leader-military commander – Uar-Khatu

For citation. Vorokov A.K. On the interpretation of the inscriptions of vessel No. 1 from the Oshad mound of the Maikop culture. News of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS.2024. Vol. 26. No. 5. Pp. 230–250. DOI: 10.35330/1991-6639-2024-26-5-230-250

References
  1. Vorokov A.K. The study of inscriptions in vessel No. 1 from the Oshad mound of the Maikop culture. Symbol of science: international scientific journal. Vol. 2. No. 12-1, 2023. Pp. 56–77. EDN: JHXZHC. (In Russian)
  2. Turchaninov G.F. Otkrytie i deshifrovka drevneishey pis’mennosti Kavkaza [The discovery and deciphering of the oldest written language of the Caucasus]. Moscow, 1999. 263 p. (In Russian)
  3. Bubenok O.B. The ancient Caucasian (Adyghe) substrate in the northern Black Sea region. Arheologiya i etnologiya Severnogo Kavkaza [Archeology and Ethnology of the North Caucasus]. No. 7. Nalchik: KBGIGI, 2017. Pp. 7–33. (In Russian)
  4. Dzuganova R.Kh. Toponymic terms in the Adyghe Nart epic. Vestnik Kabardino-Balkarskogo instituta gumanitarnyh issledovaniy [Bulletin of the Kabardino-Balkarian Institute for Humanitarian Research]. 2019. No. 1(40). Pp. 44–51. DOI: 10.31007/2306-5826-2019-1-40-44-51. (In Russian)
  5. Tikhonova A.P. A multidimensional study of Khatt texts. Vestnik Adygeiskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 2: Filologiya i iskusstvovedenie [Bulletin of Adygea State University. Series 2: philology and art history]. 2021. No. 4(287). Pp. 50–57. DOI: 10.53598/2410-3489-2021-4-287-50-57. (In Russian)
  6. Kokov Dzh.N. Adygskaya (cherkesskaya) toponimiya [Adyghe (Circassian) toponymy]. Nalchik: Elbrus, 1974. 316 p. (In Russian)
  7. Bol’shoy russko-kabardino-cherkesskiy slovar’ [The Great Russian-Kabardino-Circassian dictionary]. B.Ch. Bizhoev, Kh.Ch. Zheletezhev, D.M. Kumykova, Kh.T. Timizhev. Nalchik. The frigate. 2021. 792 p. (In Russian)
  8. Shaov J.A., Meretukov K.Kh., Vodozhdokov Kh.D. et al. Adygeisko-russkiy slovar’ [The Adyghe-Russian dictionary]. Adygeisk Research Institute. Maykop. 1975. 440 р. (In Russian)
  9. Ozhegov S.I., Shvedova N.Y. Tolkovyy slovar’ russkogo yazyka [Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language]. Moscow: ed. The ABC book. 1997. 944 p. (In Russian)
  10. Kumakhov M.A. To the etymology of the name of the main hero of thе Adyghe and Abkhazian epos. Skazaniya o nartah – epos narodov Kavkaza [Tales of narts – the epic of the peoples of thе Caucasus]. Moscow: Nauka, 1969. 551 p. (In Russian)
  11. Vsemirnaya istoriya [World history]. Moscow: Gospolitizdat, 1955. Vol. 1. 746 p. (In Russian)
  12. Istrin V.A. Razvitie pis’ma [The development of writing]. Moscow: Publishing House of thе Academy of Sciences, USSR, 1961. 395 p. (In Russian)
  13. Meretukov K.Kh. Adygeiskiy toponimicheskiy slovar’ [The Adyghe toponymic dictionary]. Maikop: Quality, 2003. 424 p. (In Russian)
  14. Vorokov A.K. Fenomen Tha [The phenomenon Of Tha]. Nalchik: Print Center, 2020. 388 p. (In Russian)
  15. Kagazezhev Zh.V. Tau-symbol in the Adyghe traditional religion. Vestnik Vladikavkazskogo nauchnogo centra [Bulletin of the Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of
    Sciences]. Vol. 22. No. 1. 2022. Pp. 35–38. DOI: 10.46698/VNC.2022.88.53.001. (In Russian)
  16. Bishio B.C. Adygabzem and psalegenahue. Nalshik: Elbrus, 2015. 376 р. (In Kabardin)
  17. Lovpache N.G. Mirovozzrenie drevnih atyhov, hattov. Mir kul’tury adygov [The worldview of the ancient Athykhs, Hutts. The world of culture of the Adygs]. Compiled and edited by R.A. Hanakhu. Maykop: Adygea, 2002. Pp. 23–34. (In Russian)
  18. Bgazhnokov B.Kh. Key issues of the ancient history of the Adygs. V kn.: Ocherki drevney i srednevekovoy istorii adygov [In book: Essays on the ancient and medieval history of the Adygs]. Nalchik: KBIGI, 2016. Pp. 7–19. (In Russian)
  19. Bgazhnokov B.Kh. On the question of the achievements of the Maikop culture. Sbornik nauchnyh trudov «Arheologiya i etnologiya Severnogo Kavkaza» [Collection of scientific papers “Archeology and Ethnology of the North Caucasus”]. Nalchik: Editorial and Publishing Department of KBIGI, 2019. Pp. 7–24. (In Russian)
  20. Gorelik M.V. Oruzhie drevnego Vostoka (IV tysyacheletie – IV v. do n.e.) [Weapons of the ancient East (IV millennium – IV centurу BC)]. Moscow: Oriental Literature, 1993. 352 p. (In Russian)
  21. Kagazezhev Zh.V. The problem of the origin of the endoethnonym “adyge”. News of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS. 2021. No. 6(104). Pp. 174–184. DOI: 10.35330/1991-6639-2021-6-104-174-184. (In Russian)
  22. Bgazhnokov B.Kh. Kassito-hatto-kaskeyskie historic-cultural and lexical connections and parallels. Vestnik Kabardino-Balkarskogo instituta gumanitarnyh issledovaniy [Bulletin of the Kabardino-Balkarian Institute for Humanitarian Research]. Nalchik. 2019. No. 3(42). Pp. 15–22. DOI: 10.31007/2306-5826-2019-3-42-15-22. (In Russian)
  23. Kuek M.G. The artistic metal of the Maikop culture from the Oshad mound. Vestnik Adygeiskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 2: Filologiya i iskusstvovedenie [Bulletin of Adygea State University. Series 2: philology and art history]. 2014. Pp. 284–289. EDN: SZZTEN. (In Russian)
  24. Tikhonova A.P. Tenses and moods in the Khatt and Abkhaz-Adyghe languages. Vestnik Adygeiskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 2: Filologiya i iskusstvovedenie [Bulletin of Adygea State University. Series 2: philology and art history]. 2017. No. 1(192). Pp. 108–114. EDN: YPCHCJ. (In Russian)
  25. Lavrov L.I. On the origin of the peoples of the North-Western Caucasus. Collection of articles on the history of Kabarda. Nalchik: Kabpoligraphizdat, 1954. No. III. Pp. 193–207. (In Russian)

Information about the author

Anzor K. Vorokov, Junior Researcher of the laboratory “Digital paleography” of the scientific and innovative center “Natural scientific methods in archeology, anthropology and archeography” of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences;
360010, Russia, Nalchik, 2 Balkarov street;
legatto777@yandex.ru, ORCID: http://orcid.org/0009-0001-9087-5665, SPIN-code: 5021-3219

Правила для авторов

Редакционная коллегия

Рецензирование

Этика публикаций

Свидетельство СМИ

Новости

Контакты